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Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
教学目标(Language Goal) 1. 能够谈论允许和不允许做的事情 2. 能够谈论应该被允许和不被允许做的事情 3. 能够针对被允许和不被允许做的事情发表自己的观点(同意或者不同意) 4. 能够表达同意或者不同意的理由
目标语言(Target Language) 1. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive 我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。 2. I disagree . I think sixteen is too young. 我不同意,我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。 3. Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs ? 你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作吗? 4. No , I don’t . 不,我认为不应该。 5. Anna is allowed to wear her own clothes. 安娜可以选择自己的衣服。 6. They are not serious enough at that age. 那个年龄的他们不够稳重。 7. -What rules do you have at home ? 你家有什么规定吗? -Well , I’m not allowed to go out on school nights. 噢,我在周一至周五不能外出。
词汇和短语(Vocabulary and expressions) allow 允许 drive 架车 pierce [pi s]刺穿 license 执照 driver司机 silly愚蠢的、傻的 earring 耳环 concentrate集中 volunteer自愿、志愿者 Local地方的 perform表演 primary初级的 go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去 part-time jobs 兼职工作 driver’s license 驾驶执照 get their ears pierced 穿耳孔 choose one’s own clothes 选自己的衣服 sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的孩子 seem to 好像 at that age 在那个年龄 so do we 我们也一样 get to class late . 上课迟到 fail a test 考试不及格 be strict with 对…要求严格 the other day 前几天 get to doing sth 着手做某事 look smart 看起来整洁 concentrate on 关注… be a good way to do 是…的好方法 It’s a good idea for sb to do 是…的好主意 get noisy 变得嘈杂 at present 目前 have an opportunity to do sth . 有做…的机会 be a good experience for sb. 对…来说是很有意义的经历 take time to do things 花费时间做事情 old people’s home 敬老院 be sleepy 睏 after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后 have Friday afternoons off 周五放假
语法内容: 一. 被动语态 1. “语态”表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法,即主动语态和被动语态,本单 元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词(should)的被动语态。 先看几个基本概念 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态 主语是动作的接受者为被动语态 只有及物动词才有被动语态。
2. 被动语态的构成 (1)请大家看图
The office is cleaned every day . The office was cleaned yesterday. Compare active and passive:
动作的接受者the office成了句子的主语,就应该用被动语态。从上面的例句我们可以总结: 一般现在时的被动语态为:主+am / is / are (not)+过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为:主+was / were +过去分词 如:Butter is made from milk. This house was built 100 years ago. 以前我们学过的was / were born 生于,就是一个被动语态 born是个过去分词(bear) -When were you born ? -I was born in 1989. 如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者,句子后面需接by ~ ,译为“被(由)…” 如:We were woken up by a loud noise . 我们被嘈杂的声音吵醒。 (2)请看图
从上面例子,我们可以看出,现在进行时被动语态的构成为 主语+is / am / are + being +过去分词 再如: My car is being repaired now. Some new houses are being built near the park. 公园附近在建一些房子。 (3)请看图 BEFORE NOW
从上面例子,我们可以看出现在完成时被动语态的构成为 主语+have / has +been +过去分词 如: My key has been stolen. My keys have been stolen. I am not going to the party , I haven’t been invited. 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+过去分词 A note had better be left to him. Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes 这里我们列举了几个主要时态,那么其它时态呢? 一般将来时 主语+will +be +过去分词 过去将来时 主语+would / should + be +过去分词 过去进行时 主语+was / were + being +过去分词 过去完成时 主语+had + been +过去分词 被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不 变。 归纳: 肯定句:主语+be + 过去分词+(by ~) 否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by ~) 一般疑问句:Be +主语+过去分词+(by ~)? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by ~)
3. 被动语态的用法: (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语 Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。 I haven’t been told about it . 没有 [1] [2] [3] 下一页 |