. 我想买一本英汉词典。
提示：应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式。
I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。
避免说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语。
b. need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用-ing形式比较普通。
Your composition needs correcting to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。
His coat wants cleaning to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。
The old woman requires looking after carefully to be looked after carefully. 这个老大娘需要细心地照料。
2．作介词宾语
动词的-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。常见的几种搭配形式有：
① 动词 + 介词 + -ing形式
Jason aims at becoming an astronaut. 詹森立志要当宇航员。
I dream of being the best footballer in the school. 我梦想成为全校最好的足球队员。
比较：
keep doing 继续或保持做某事。（强调动作的持续性）
News lf successes keeps pouring in. 捷报频传。
Keep on doing 继续或反复做某事。（强调动作的反复性）
We will keep on trying and.if we get anything done.will notify you.
我们将继续努力。有结果将通知你。
Keep sb doing 使某人一直做某事（表示被迫进行的动作）
I'll try not to keep you waiting. 我尽量不让你久等。
Keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事（＝preventstop sb from doing）
The stone walls keep the farmer's cows from joining his neighbor's cows.
石头墙使农民家的牛不会混入邻居的牛群中去。
② 动词 + 名词 + 介词 + -ing形式
Please excuse me for being late. 对不起，我迟到了。
What prevented you from joining us last night 昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在一起
Sandy wasted no time in getting to know the boss's daughter. 桑迪很快就开始就和老板的女儿套近乎了。
③ 名词 + 介词 + -ing形式
We like his way of teaching English. 我们喜欢他教英语的方式。
He has little hope of passing the examination. 他几乎没有什么希望通过考试。
I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。
④ 形容词 + 介词 + -ing形式
I'm tired of having the same food every day. 天天吃同样的东西我感到腻烦了。
Peter is angry about not being invited to the party. 没有被邀请出席聚会，彼得很生气。
Who's responsible for organizing this conference 是谁负责组织这次大会？
⑤ whathow about + -ing形式
What about going for a walk 去散步好不好？
How about playing a game of chess now 现在来下盘棋好吗
⑥介词to + 动词-ing形式
to 既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号，在使用中比较容易混淆。若是不定式符号，to后接动词原形；若是介词，to后需接 -ing形式。
You must get used to washing your face with cold water. 你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。
John has admitted to breaking the window. 约翰已承认了打碎窗子。
I'm looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我盼望今年暑假见到你。
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
However, others strongly object to developing private cars. 然而,另有一些人强烈反对发展私人小汽车。
He is equal to doing this task. 他能胜任这项任务。
The man took to drinking shortly after his wife died. 他妻子死后不久，这人就开始嗜酒。
Isn't it time you got down to marking those papers 难道还没到你安下心来阅卷的时间吗？D．动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语
1． 动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。
We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。
I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。 (She was getting on the car.)
He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。 (She got on the car and drove off.)
Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？ (Someone is knocking at the door.)
Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？ (Someone knocked at the door just now.)
提示：
如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。
I saw him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette. 我看见他走进房间，坐了下来，点燃了一根香烟。
3．动词的-ing形式也可用在have, get, leave, keep, set, catch等表示“致使”的动词后作宾语补足语。
They should not leave us wondering what they will do next. 他们不应该不让我们知道他们下一步要做什么。
I won't have you running about in the room. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
We kept the fire burning all night long. 我们使火整夜燃烧着。
E．动词的-ing形式作定语
1．单个的动词的-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room= a room which is used for reading阅览室
running shoes= shoes for running跑鞋
a working method = a method of working工作方法
必背：
a sewing machine 缝纫机
a swimming pool 游泳池
a drawing board 画板
a dining car 餐车
a driving permit 驾驶许可证
a walking stick 手杖
a singing competition 歌咏比赛
a waiting room 候车室
②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子
a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题
The working people are masters of our country. 劳动人民是我们国家的主人。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 不要惹麻烦。
必背：
a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧
an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿
a barking dog 狂吠的狗
the setting sun 落日
the coming week 下一周
failing sight 逐渐衰退的视力
2．作定语的-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。
The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory. 装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去。
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
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